A vanadium redox-flow battery has been developed at UNSW.


The battery consists of several cells connected in series.

at cathode
reduction
V(OH)4+ + 2H+ + e¯ VO2+ + 3H2O Eo = 1.000 V
at anode
oxidation
V2+ V3+ + e¯ Eo = −0.265 V
complete
cell
V(OH)4+ + V2+ + 2H+ VO2+ + V3+ + 3H2O Ecell = 1.256 V


Note:
the cell potential is the electrode potential of the positive electrode
minus the electrode potential of the negative electrode.